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(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 1.

F. D. MALTBY.

STEAM BOILER. No. 360,233. Patented Ma.1*.29, 1887.

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(No Model.). 5 Sheets'Sheet 2.

' P. D. MALTBY.

STEAM BOILER.

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F. D. MALTBY.

STEAM BOILER ate nted Mar. 29, 1887,

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(No Model.) I 5 Sheets-Sheet 5. F. D. MALTBY.

STEAM BOILER.

No. 360,233. Patented Mar. 29, 18.87.

llNrrnri TATES ATENT Fries.

FRANK D. MALTBY, OF IVASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, ASSIGNOR OFONE-HALF TO L. G. HINE, OF SAME PLACE.

STEAM BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 360,233, dated March29, 1867,

' Application filed July 27, 1885. Serial No. 172,833. (No model.)

To aZZ whom, it 72mg concern.-

Be it known that I, FRANK DELBERT DIALTBY, of Washington, in theDistrict of Columbia, have invented certain Improvements inSteam-Boilers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to that class of boilers in which thegenerating-surface is secured by the use of a series of water-coilsmounted within a shell or body above the grate and combustion-chamber.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is arear elevation of my boiler, themovablesection or side of the shell being thrown open in order 1 toexpose the interior parts to view and to show the manner in which thecoils are introduced and sustained. Fig. 2 is a vertical crosssection ofthe boiler on the line 1 l of Figs. 4, 5, and 6, looking from the fronttoward the rear. Fig. 3 is a vertical section on the line2 2 of Figs. 4,5, and 6, looking toward the front. Fig. 4 isa horizontal cross-sectionon the line 3 3 of Figs. 1, 2, and 3, looking downward upon the lowergenerating-coil. Fig. 5 is a 2 5 horizontal cross-section of the boileron the line 4 4, looking downward upon the feed-water coil. Fig. 6 is atop plan view of the boiler with the dome or hood of the body removed,showing particularly the manner in which the steam dome or chamber issustained. Figs. 7 and S are respectively a crosssection and a rearelevation of one of the couplings by which the coils are connected tothe upright pipes or manifolds. Fig. 9 is aside elevation of the same ina modified form.

In proceeding to construct my boiler I first provide an upright shell orbody, A, preferably of cylindrical form, composed of inner and outerwalls, a and a, of sheet metal, separated by an intervening air-space,c, and riveted or otherwise secured to intermediate metal rings, d.Atits base the shell is seated on a cast-metal ring, 6, having at itsupper edge a perforated flange, f, seated between and riv- 5 eted to thewalls of the shell. The outer wall is provided, near the top,withair-admission openings 9, and the base-ring provided with openings h,through which the air descending between the walls is permitted toescape into 0 the base-chamber or ash-pit beneath the firegrate Thegrate is sustained at its periphsion may require.

cry on a flange or shoulder cast on the inside of the ring 6, which'isalso provided with an annular depending flange, c, the purpose of whichis to direct the air downward,so that in ascending to the grate it maybe diffused or evenly distributed thereover. Around the shell,in linewith the air-inlets g, I locate a re volving ring, k, provided withcorresponding openings, and serving as a means of regulat- 5o ing thesize of or closing the air-inlets,as occa- The shell is'dividedhorizontally into three sections, the first terminating at the top ofthe fire-pot or chamber and the second terminating at the base of thedome or hood.

The central section, which constitutes the coil or generatirig-chamber,is divided vertically on opposite sides of the center, and has the rearside or half hinged to the remaining portion, as shown at Z, Fig. 4, sothat it may be swung backward or outward, as represented in Figs. 1 and4, in order to give access to the interior across its full diameter, forthe purpose of permitting the introduction and rcmoval of the coils inthe manner which will be presently explained. The edges of the sta- Ationary half of the shell are provided .with notches m, (see Fig. 1,) toreceive the ends of the coil and give support thereto.

The boiler may contain any suitable number of coils; but in the drawingsI have shown for the purposes of illustration but two generating-coilsand one] double coil for the heat ing of the feed-water.

'B B i represent the steam generating coils, each consisting of acontinuous pipe coiled horizontally in a spiral form, the inner endbeing extended horizontally outward above the coils, while the oppositeor outer end is 0 turned inward, extended across the central space oropening and projected outward beneath the coils from the opposite sideof the center from the end first mentioned, as plainly represented inFigs. 2, 3, and 4. It is to be 5 noted that I produce in this manneracoil exposing a very large heating-surface, but occupyingaverysmallspace in avertical direction, that the two ends of the eoilarelocated at different heights, and that they are projected indiametrically-opposite directions, so that they may be emp oyed tosustain the coil on opposite sides of the boiler. The generatingcoilsthus constructed are introduced through the open side of the boiler andtheir ends seated in the notches m, before alluded to. This constructionrenders the coils self-sustain: mg, admits of each coil being introducedand removed in a horizontal direction without disturbance of the others,and permits them to be readily removed and inserted by a singleattendant. hen the hinged side of the shell is closed,its edges serve toconfine the ends of the coil in the supporting-notches.

In order to secure the required circulation, I c0nnect the ends of thegenerating-coils outside ofthe boiler to an upright pipe or manifold, O,by couplings, which will be hereinafter described, this manifoldextending upward, as shown, above the coils. The lower or receiving endsof the coils are connected inlike manner at the opposite side to apipeor manifold, D, extending downward below the level of the C011, andconnected at its foot by a returncoupling, E, to an upright pipe, F.

The pipes D and F servejointly as a waterleg, offering a greaterresistance to the flow of water than is offered bythe manifold 0, thuslnsuring the circulation of the water in the proper direction, in themanner and for the reasons familiar to those skilled in the art.

Centrally in the upper part of the shell I locate the steam dome orchamber G, which is connected on one side by a base-pipe, H, to theupper end of the pipe F of the water-leg. On the opposite side thesteam-dome is connected by a base-pipe, I, with the lower end of achamber, J, attached to the upper end of the manifold G. This chamber J,which is of a vertical height equal to or greater than that of thesteam-dome, is also connected to the dome at its upper end by means of ahorizontal pipe, K.

The steam-dome is preferably constructed of. a cylindrical shape,screwed at its upper and lower ends into the cast-metal caps, havingnecks thereon to receive the various pipes.

The base of the steam-dome is also provided with a third pipe, M,extending horizontally outward through the shell and connected at itslower end to the base of an upright chamber, N, the purpose of whichwill be hereinafter described. The three pipes H, I, and M extend fromthe steam-dome in different directions, and being seated in the boilerthey serve to give the dome a firm support, and to permit the parts toexpand and contract without strain or injury. In the top of the tube F,I mount, as shown in Fig. 2, a nozzle, P, through which the feed-wateris introduced in a downward direction adjacent to the mouth of the pipeH, the inflowing jet serving to compel a circulation of the water, asindicated by the arrows, downward through the pipe F, upward through theleg or manifold D, thence through the several generating-coils B intothe upper manifold, G, and thence upward into the chamber J, andthroughthe pipe I into the water passes from the top of the dome G and chamberJ to an outlet-pipe, R, which may be connected, as shown, to the top ofthe chamber J, or, ifv preferred, to the top, of the steam-dome G. Thefeed-water is delivered into a chamber, S, above the nozzle P, and itsadmission is regulated ,by means of a tapered threaded spindle, T,having on the outer end a hand-wheel or equivalent operating device, soas to contract the opening through the nozzle.

In order to facilitate the circulation of the water in the properdirection, it is found desirable to maintain as much difference as pos-'sible in temperature between the water in the upper manifold, O,and-that in the lower manifold, D. To this end I propose to apply theinflowing feed-water, which is commonly at a relatively low temperature,asa jacket to reduce the temperature of the water flowing through thepipe F. This is most conveniently secured by surrounding the pipe F witha second pipe, U, of larger diametenseated 1n caps or coils at the ends,thus producing an annular water-space around the pipe F. The feed-waterwill be introduced into the base of this jacket, as shown in Fig. 1, andwill escape from its top into the lower-end of the feed-water heatingcoil V, which will be coupled to the jacket, as shown.

Referring now to this heatingcoil,it will be observed that it is locatedin the upper part of the coil-shell above the generating-coil, and thatits two ends are seated in notches in the edge of the stationary portionand confined by the movable portion, so that it may be inserted andremoved in the same manner as the generating-coils and withoutdisturbing any of the other parts.

The heating-coil consists of a continuous pipe coiled in successivehorizontal spirals one above the other, the coils winding alternatelyinward to the center and from the center outward from the circumference,or, as it is commonly expressed, in inwinding and outwinding coils.

The upper end of the heatingcoil is connected to the chamber S and tothe nozzle P, in the manner before alluded to and as plainly representedin Figs. 1, 3, and 5. t

In the use of water-coil boilers, which are commonly operated at muchhigher pressure than those of other forms, it occasionally happens thata coil will crack or open in such manner as to permit the escape of thesteam or water. In coilboilers as hitherto made this leakage had theeffect of rendering the boiler inoperative, so that the drawing of thefire became necessary. As this stoppage would in the case of marineboilers prove disastrous, I provide my boiler with cocks at theextremities of each coil, so that each coil may be shut off fromcommunication with the rest of the boiler at will, so that the operationof the boiler may be continued with the remaining coils. These cocks,which are shown at WV, Figs. 1, 3, 4, and 5, may be of any suitablesteam-dome G. The steam liberated by the form and applied in anyappropriate manner at the ends of the coils. As it will be desirable toremove a defective coil,in order to repair the same or substituteanother in its place, I unite the coils to the manifolds by couplings,which admit of their being quickly disconnected, and locate the cocks WVin the stationary part of these couplings, so that the coil may beremoved without permitting the escape of the steam or water. Thepreferred construction of these couplings is plainly represented inFigs. 7, 8, and 9.

In Figs. 7 and 8 an elbow, n, screwed upon the end of a coil is formedwith a spherical head or surface, a, and with side legs or projections,R2. The manifold is provided with a corresponding seat or cavity, inwhich the head is seated, and secured by means of hooked clamps 0, whichare engaged at one end over the studs a", and provided at the oppositeend with a hand-screw or equivalent tightening device, p, bearingagainst the rear side of the manifold, so that when the screw istightened the clamp will force the spherical head tightly.

to its seat. The spherical surfaces may be ground together to produce atight joint, or a packing-ring of asbestus or equivalent material may beintroduced between them. The coupling thus constructed possesses theadvantage of permitting an instantaneous conneetion and disconnection ofthe parts,while allowing the coils to play sufficiently to accommodatethemselves to the contraction and expansion of the parts and thetwisting strains encountered in practice.

If preferred, the position of the clamp 0 may be reversed, as shown inFig. 9, the studs n being in such case formed on the manifold and thescrew seated against the head or elbow of the coil.

The figures last mentioned show the cock \V applied in the manner beforereferred to, to close the opening when the coil is disconnected orrendered inoperative.

Referring again to the return-bend at the foot of the water-leg, it isadapted to serve as a sediment-trap or mud-drum, and for this purpose itis provided at the foot with a removable cap or covering-plate, q, andalso with a cock, 0, at a suitable distance above the cap. The cockstands normally in an open position, so that the sediment maypassthrough the same. \Vhen it is desired to remove the sediment, the cock ris closed, whereupon the cap (1 maybe removed and the sedimentdischargedwithout interfering with the action of the boiler.

In order that the attendantmay know at all times whether the circulationis being perfectly maintained, I propose to locate at the ends of thecoils in the manifolds and at other suitable points rotary indicators tobe actuated by the moving water. These indicators are mostadvantageously constructed in the form represented at Y, Fig. 3. A shellor casing, forming a section of the pipe or water-passage, containsarotary wheel, .9, having radial arms, which project on one side intothe water-passage, so that a movement of the water will impart a rotarymotion thereto. An opening is formed in the side of the casing, andclosed by a transparent plate, 25, of glass or equ valent material,through which the blades of the wheel may be viewed. Fig. 3 illustratesone of these indicators, applied also at the upper end of the lowergenerating-coil.

. For the purpose of causing a strong draft when required, I propose tolocate in the top of the boiler, or in the foot of its stack, a retaryfan, Z, of any appropriate construction, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. Thisfan will be driven from an engine or other suitable motor. I alsopropose to provide, in additionto the fan, pipes it, connected with asteam-boiler, or with an air-pump, and discharging lnto the upper partof the air-space c, as shown in Fig. 3, so that after closing the ringor valve k the steam or air may be driven downward through the hollowwalls beneath the fire.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is 1. In a water-coilboiler, the combination of a divided separable shell or casing, a seriesof coils located therein and extended outward at their endsthereth'rougl'nand external pipes or manifolds connecting the series ofcoils,said coils being removable in series, as described, through theside of the shell without discon nection from the manifolds.

2. The generating-coil of a flat spiral form, with one end carriedacross beneath the convolutions of the coil proper to support the same.

3. In a water-coil boiler having a horizontal coil connected at one endto a descending manifold or water-leg, a jacket combined with thedescending manifold, substantially as described, to direct the coldfeed-water in contact therewith, whereby an increased difference issecured in the temperature of the wa ter in the respective manifolds anda proper circulation insured.

4. The shell or casing, in combination with the horizontal coils B,ascending manifold O, descending manifold l), pipe F, and steamdrum G.

5. The shell or casing, in combination with the horizontal coils B,manifolds O D, pipe F, steam-dome G, the connecting-pipes H, I, and K,and chamber J, as described and shown.

(5. The combination of the horizontal coils, the manifold 0, attached totheir delivery ends, the steam-drum G, the connecting-pipes I and K, andthe chamber J, connecting said manifold with both the top and the bottomof the dome.

7. In combination with the shell, the central steam-dome and the threeradial sustaining-pipes extended from the dome through the shell ondifferent sides.

8. In combination with the inner and outer walls of the shell, thebase-ring 6, having the perforated top flange to sustain the walls andadmit air beneath the grate.

9. In combination with the inner and outer 11. In a boiler ofthe typeherein described,

the shell having the double wall with openings to the atmosphere and tothe ash-pot, respectively, in combination with the blast-pipe I,

opening into said walls, and the ring or valve to close the opening andcompel the passage of the blast to the fire.

12. The water-leg having the foot-piece E, to receive sediment, incombination with the cock and the cap or equivalent independent means,as described, of closing the foot piece, whereby the removal of sedimentis permitted without blowing off the boiler.

13. In combination with a pipe or waterconductor. in a steam-boiler,anindicator-wheel located therein and actuated by the water to show thecourse and rapidity of the circulation.

14. In combination with the water-pipe or manifold of a steam-boiler, awheel, 8, and a transparent plate, t, through which the wheel is exposedto view.

-15. In a water-coil boiler, the combination of a manifold orwater-circulation pipe with a nozzle attached to the feed-water pipe andarranged to deliver the feed-water into the c1rculation-pipe, asdescribed, whereby the inflowing feed-water is caused to enforce thecirculation.

I 16. The series ofgenerating-coils B,the manifolds C D, pipe F. thesteamdome connected with the manifolds, and the feed heating-colllocated above the generating-coils and discharging into pipeF, saidmembers comb ned for joint operation, substantially as descrlbed andshown.

17. In a coil-boiler, the water-leg, in combination with the encirclingjacket U and the feed heating-coil connected at its receiving end withthe jacket, as described and shown.

18. The combination of the manifold and the coil having hemisphericcontact-surfaces and the clamp, substantially as described, to maintaintheir union.

19. The coil having the spheroidal head or end and the manifold having aseat of corresponding form,in combination with the forked clamp and itsconfining-screw.

In testimony whereof I hereunto set my hand in the presence of twoattesting witmesses. FRANK D. MALTBY. WVitnesses:

P. T. Donen, WV. H. SHIPLEY.

